Another followup to #16079.

Description

• Keep parens for prefix & infix operator applications in record copy expressions.
• Treat arrow-sensitive constructs (e.g., constructs with trailing types) more consistently.
• Bare typed expressions are not allowed in record bindings.
• Keep parens around () (i.e., (())) in function/method invocations, since we cannot know purely from the syntax whether double parens are required.
• Handle method application chains that depend on pseudo-dot precedence.
• Add a space around identifiers beginning or ending with an underscore.
• Keep parens around hanging tuples (multiline tuples whose first line is indented farther than a subsequent line).
• Handle some simple cases of The code fix alignment problem #16999 (for patterns).

With a VSIX that includes these changes and #16977, I can apply the parens code fix to VisualFSharp.sln with no new warnings or errors, with the sole exception of some instances of #16987.

Checklist

• Test cases added.
• Release notes entry updated.